• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A centerless cylindrical grinding machine having a machine bed (12), a workpiece support for receiving a workpiece (28) to be machined and tools (16, 20, 22, 24), all the tools (16, 20, 22, 24) extending in the longitudinal direction the workpiece support to or from this are movable, via a common, continuous guide, or on a respective side of the workpiece support via a respective common guide (30, 32) on the machine bed (12) are arranged movable.
    公开号:CH705717B1
    申请号:CH02172/12
    申请日:2012-10-30
    公开日:2017-01-31
    发明作者:Bahr Jörg；Karsten Otto；Zwahlen Reto
    申请人:Schaudt Mikrosa Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a centerless cylindrical grinding machine with a machine bed, a workpiece support for receiving a workpiece to be machined and tools.
    EP 0 449 767 A1 describes a device in which the grinding wheel spindle and the regulating wheel spindle are arranged to be movable respectively in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction. The respectively associated dressing tools are fixedly arranged on a base and the dressing takes place in that the respective slice to be dressed is removed from the workpiece support and arranged on the dressing tool. With the fixed arrangement of the dressing tools and the mobility of the grinding wheel spindle and regulating wheel spindle in the longitudinal and transverse directions, the device described therein is a so-called 4-axis machine.
    This 4-axis machine is not suitable for through-grinding. For this purpose, it is necessary that the respective discs to be dressed can be dressed during the grinding process. This requires an additional process of the dressing tool. Furthermore, the cylindrical grinding machine of the aforementioned EP 0 449 767 A1 has a structure in which a carriage which can be moved in the longitudinal direction is arranged as a substructure on the machine bed and on this a carriage which can be moved in the transverse direction. On the latter in the transverse direction movable carriage turn the regulating wheel or grinding wheel spindle is then arranged. This stacked structure requires on the one hand a certain amount and thus takes up comparatively much space. Furthermore, it makes it more difficult to design the dressing tools so that they are additionally movable in the longitudinal direction of the discs to be dressed. This would require e.g. in addition to the provided, movable in the longitudinal direction carriage an additional carriage are arranged on the side protruding the dressing tool is arranged to order it behind the dressing disc can. This would be associated with a greater design effort, since more guides and carriages would have to be provided, and would otherwise significantly increase the space required by the machine shown there. Especially a modular adaptation of such a grinding machine to the corresponding needs of a user or operator is not possible with the devices disclosed in EP 0 449 767 A1.
    The present invention therefore an object of the invention to provide a grinding machine, which has the smallest possible footprint and is structurally designed so that it can be modular, so they u.a. can be adapted to the individual needs of an operator, e.g. can be designed as a 6-axis machine that allows through-grinding without having to be redesigned from the ground up.
    This object is achieved by a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, with a machine bed, a workpiece support for receiving a workpiece to be machined, and tools, comprising a grinding wheel spindle with a grinding wheel, a regulating wheel spindle with a regulating wheel, a first dressing tool for dressing the Grinding wheel and a second dressing tool for dressing the regulating wheel, solved, wherein the workpiece support is fixedly arranged on the machine bed, the grinding wheel spindle and regulating wheel spindle are arranged on opposite sides of the workpiece support and the dressing tools each on the opposite sides of the grinding wheel or regulating wheel spindle from the workpiece support are arranged and wherein the grinding wheel spindle and the regulating wheel spindle in a longitudinal direction on the workpiece support on or away from the workpiece, and in each case the first dressing tool and the second dressing tool in a transverse direction, parallel to the workpiece support, are movable, and all tools that are in the longitudinal direction on the workpiece support or away from this movable, either via a common, continuous guide or on at least one side Workpiece support are arranged movably on the machine bed via a common guide. By this arrangement it is possible that on such a guide, e.g. can be formed by two rails, both a respective spindle and the associated dressing tool are movable in the longitudinal direction. The space required and the design effort for such a grinding machine are relatively low. In addition, the dressing tool is arranged to be movable in the transverse direction. This results in additionally addressed longitudinally movable dressing tools an addressed 6-axis Funktionalitäl. Such a 6-axis machine can then be equipped and operated with only a maximum of four guides, two in the transverse direction and a maximum of two in the longitudinal direction. In addition to the exemplarily mentioned possibility to realize such a (linear) guide with guide rails and a slide movable thereon, it is also possible by way of example in the context of this invention to use a hydrostatic guide system.
    If this 6-axis Funktionalilät not needed, the dressing tool can be fixed with respect to the movement in the longitudinal direction in the inventive structure. This can be done modularly, i. based on a basic concept of a machine with a corresponding machine bed and the respective guides depending on the requirements of a user / operator. Preferably, this may even be easily modified by the operator in an existing machine if the use of the machine changes. Reducing from six to four axes reduces control effort by reducing the degrees of freedom of such devices, which are often operated as CNC machines. Thus, it is desirable to provide only the maximum necessary number of axes for such a machine depending on the application.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the regulating wheel spindle, the second dressing tool and the workpiece support or the grinding wheel spindle and the first dressing tool are each arranged via a common guide by means of a pivot plate on the machine bed, wherein the pivot plate is aligned parallel to the machine bed and a pivot axis which runs perpendicular to the machine bed and is preferably arranged at the level of the grinding wheel. The provision of a pivot plate has the advantage that thereby the angle to a workpiece to be processed, can be changed. This can be done by arranging the grinding wheel spindle or the regulating wheel spindle and workpiece support on a corresponding pivot plate. This makes it possible in a simple way to make workpiece cone corrections or Schrägeinstechschleifen. The latter e.g. then when faces of workpieces are to be processed. By providing the grinding wheel spindle on the pivot plate, it is possible that, despite the pivoting, the position of the workpiece and the workpiece holder is not changed. As a result, in the case of automated processes, the workpiece can always be placed on or received by the same position without separate alignment. This is particularly advantageous when a workpiece is to be processed in the through-grinding. In this case, changing the angle of the workpiece itself requires complicated tracking of the tools, which is avoided if only a change in the angle of the grinding wheel takes place. Preferably, the pivot axis is at the height and even more preferably centrally under the grinding wheel, whereby the greatest possible speed when pivoting and adjusting while maintaining accuracy in grinding is achieved. In addition, however, an eccentric arrangement of the pivot axis is to be regarded as belonging to the invention.
    In addition to the alternative embodiments mentioned above, the regulating wheel spindle, the second dressing tool and the workpiece support and the grinding wheel spindle and the first dressing tool can be arranged in each case via a common guide by means of a respective pivot plate on the machine bed in a further embodiment of the invention. Thus, the elements on the grinding wheel side and on the regulating wheel side are each on a pivot plate on the machine bed. This has the advantage that the respective pivoting movements can be kept small, but in the sum can assume a greater angle to each other. The actual pivoting movement for setting a desired angle is thus also on two sides, i. distributed two pivot plates. This results in particular a lesser amount of time for the respective pivoting and setting the desired angle.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the common guides are designed as a common continuous guide for all longitudinally movable tools on both sides of the workpiece support. In this embodiment, the design effort is again reduced to a minimum, since for the present on both sides of the workpiece support tools together a single common guide is needed. The number of parts to be installed is thus as small as possible, while on the other hand there is the greatest possible modularity of the structure of the device.
    In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the common guides are designed as on both sides of the workpiece support respective separate guide. This embodiment allows not only a high modularity independent adjustment of the arranged on the two sides of a workpiece support tools with respect to the angle they occupy each other.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the dressing tools in the longitudinal direction respectively on the workpiece support to or away from this movable. This embodiment makes it possible to dress the grinding wheel and the regulating wheel without them themselves having to be moved in the longitudinal direction. This is also a dressing of the grinding and regulating wheel during operation, so the grinding process allows. The result is a 6-axis machine.
    In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the dressing tools are fixed with respect to the longitudinal direction. In this embodiment, if this is not needed, the number of possible axes having such a cylindrical grinding machine is reduced. Thus, the expense of driving such a machine is reduced because a control unit that adjusts the position of the respective tools along the intended axes, only four instead of e.g. control and calculate six axes. The result is a 4-axis machine.
    In a further embodiment of the invention all movably arranged via a common guide tools are arranged movable via a common drive unit. By this configuration, the design effort is again reduced. Under drive unit here is preferably a threaded spindle system, i. a respective threaded spindle with the associated nuts, or a linear motor, i. a respective secondary part with the associated primary parts, understood.
    In an alternative embodiment of the invention, all movable via a common guide arranged tools via separate drive units are arranged movable. This configuration allows the individual tools to be moved independently of each other.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the movement of the grinding wheel spindle, the regulating wheel spindle and / or the dressing tools on the guides via linear motors as drive units, preferably for all on a guide movably arranged elements a maximum of a single secondary part is provided. The use of linear motors provides an easy way to provide precise control of the spindles and dressing tools to be moved. In this case, an exact positioning of these elements to be controlled is always given. The use of only a single secondary part for the elements, i. Grinding wheel spindle and dressing tool and / or regulating wheel spindle and dressing tool, which are arranged on a common guide, complements the previously described inventive concept. Again, the number of required components is reduced, so that the design effort is minimized. If all drives are realized with linear motors, they can even handle a 6-axis cylindrical grinding machine with a maximum of four secondary parts.
    Whenever there is talk of using a single secondary part, this is particularly related to the use according to the invention of a common secondary part for a plurality of elements and also includes the use of two secondary parts, if they are operated in parallel, e.g. there is a parallel arrangement of two linear motors for simultaneously driving the respective elements.
    In a further embodiment of the inventive device, the movement of the grinding wheel spindle, the regulating wheel spindle and / or the dressing tools on the guides via threaded spindles as drive units, wherein a maximum of a single threaded spindle is provided for all on a guide movably arranged elements. The use of threaded spindles, either self-rotating spindles or fixed spindles with rotating nuts as drives, allows a very precise and uniform driving and moving of the elements to be moved. Also, the use of the maximum one threaded spindle again follows the previously described principle of structurally minimized and at the same modular design of the inventive machines. If all drives are realized with threaded spindles, this means that even with a 6-axis cylindrical grinding machine with a maximum of four threaded spindles.
    Also in this case, the case is included in the inventive use of a single threaded spindle, that there is a parallel arrangement of threaded spindles, which serve to control common elements simultaneously.
    If in the foregoing and following of grinding wheel and regulating wheel spindles is mentioned, this includes not only the spindle for driving the respective disc alone, but also the associated substructure including, for example, slide.
    Likewise, if in the foregoing and following of dressing tools is mentioned, here also not only the dressing tool as such, but also the respective substructure such as sled and the like, on which this dressing tool is guided over the machine bed, too understand, unless the context indicates otherwise.
    If in the preceding or following of parallel and vertical is mentioned, so this is next to a preferably exactly parallel or vertical orientation and a substantially parallel or vertical orientation with a deviation of up to 10 ° to understand.
    It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained not only in the particular combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    The invention will be described below with reference to some selected embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and explained. Show it:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a schematic plan view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with threaded spindles,<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine from FIG. 1,<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> is a schematic plan view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with continuous guides and linear motors as drives,<Tb> FIG. 4 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine of FIG. 3,<Tb> FIG. 5 <SEP> is a schematic top view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with an additional pivoting axis under the grinding wheel and a reduced number of axes of movement,<Tb> FIG. 6 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine from FIG. 5,<Tb> FIG. FIG. 7 shows a schematic top view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with a pivot axis under the grinding wheel and four axes of movement, FIG.<Tb> FIG. 8 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine from FIG. 7,<Tb> FIG. 9 <SEP> is a schematic plan view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with pivot axis under the grinding wheel and six axes of movement,<Tb> FIG. 10 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine of FIG. 9,<Tb> FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with a pivot axis under the grinding wheel, four axes of motion and linear motors as drives, FIG.<Tb> FIG. 12 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine of FIG. 11,<Tb> FIG. FIG. 13 shows a schematic plan view of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention with a pivot axis under the grinding wheel, six axes of motion and linear motors as drives, and FIG<Tb> FIG. 14 <SEP> is a schematic side view of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine of FIG. 13.
    A centerless cylindrical grinding machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 10.
    The centerless cylindrical grinding machine 10 has a machine bed 12, a grinding wheel spindle 14 with a grinding wheel 16, a regulating wheel spindle 18 with a regulating wheel 20, and dressing tools 22 and 24. Here, the first dressing tool 22 is used for dressing the grinding wheel 16, while the second dressing tool 24 is used for dressing the regulating wheel 20. Between the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18, a workpiece support 26 is arranged on the machine bed 12. On this workpiece support 26, a workpiece 28 is arranged in the present example.
    The grinding wheel spindle 14 and regulating wheel spindle 18 are each arranged on linear guides 30 and 32. These linear guides 30 and 32 essentially consist of respective guide rails 34 and 34 or 36 and 36. These guide rails 34, 34, 36 and 36 are arranged on the machine bed 12. In order to be able to be guided on these guide rails 34, 34, 36 and 36, the grinding wheel spindle 14 and control wheel spindle 18 each have guiding elements not shown here in detail, such as e.g. Guide shoes or guide slide on.
    The dressing tools 22 and 24 are each arranged on different guide carriages, as will be explained in more detail below for the first dressing tool 22.
    The first dressing tool 22 is arranged on a guide carriage 38, which in turn is arranged on a guide carriage 40. The arrangement is designed so that the guide carriage 38 can be moved substantially parallel to the alignment of the workpiece 28 or to the workpiece support 26. This corresponds in the general designation for the directions of such a grinding machine of the z-direction.
    The guide carriage 40 in turn is movable in a direction toward and away from the workpiece 28 and the workpiece support 26, respectively. This direction, which is also referred to as the longitudinal direction with respect to the machine bed 12, is generally also referred to as x-direction in such grinding machines. Thus, the guide carriage 40 moves in the same direction as the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18. For this purpose, the guide slide 40 and a correspondingly designed guide slide 40 for the second dressing tool 24 are arranged on the same guides 30 and 32, respectively.
    The movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 in the x-direction is schematically indicated by the double arrow 42 shown here. In the same way, the double arrow 44 shown indicates the direction of movement of the guide carriages 40 and 40 and thus of the dressing tools 22 and 24 in the x-direction. According to the above-described movability of the dressing tools 22 and 24, these can be moved via the guide carriages 38 and 38 also in the z-direction, which is indicated by the double arrow 46.
    Due to the 6-axis mobility, as indicated by the double arrows 42, 44 and 46, it is possible to make not only a Einstechschleifen, but also a through-grinding of a workpiece to be machined 28 with the device shown. For this purpose, the respective dressing tool 22 or 24 can also approach the respective slice to be dressed during the grinding process in the x-direction and ensure that this slice is dressed.
    To perform the corresponding aforementioned movements, four threaded spindles 10 are provided in the centerless cylindrical grinding machine. On the one hand, threaded spindles 48 and 48 serve to allow the corresponding dressing tools 22 and 24 to be moved in the z-direction, as indicated by arrow 46. For this purpose, in the present example, the threaded spindle 48 and 48 are fixed, while a motor-driven nut 50 or 50 by rotation for a displacement of the dressing tools 22 and 24 in the directions of the double arrow 46 is used. In addition to the embodiment specifically described here, it is of course also conceivable that the nuts are fixedly arranged on the dressing tools and move the corresponding threaded spindles by rotation and thus provide an adjustment of the dressing tools 22 and 24.
    Furthermore, threaded spindles 52 and 54 are provided, each for the movements of the dressing tools 22 and 24 and the grinding wheel spindle 14 and regulating wheel spindle 18 in the x direction, i. E. serve in the direction of the double arrows 42 and 44. For this purpose, in the concrete embodiment also a fixed arrangement of the threaded spindles 52 and 54 before. A movement of the respective elements, i. the grinding wheel spindle 14, regulating wheel spindle 18 and the dressing tools 22 and 24, carried by motorized rotatable nuts 56, 58, 60 and 62. Here, nuts 56 and 58 are used to drive the grinding wheel spindle 14 and regulating wheel spindle 18. In contrast, are nuts 60 and 62nd arranged on the respective carriage 40 and 40, respectively, to serve motor driven by rotation for an adjustment of the dressing tools 22 and 24 respectively. According to the remarks made above, another arrangement is conceivable here as well. So here, for example, the nuts 56 and 58 may be arranged fixed and carried a movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 and regulating wheel spindle 18 via a rotatable threaded spindle. The relative adjustment of the dressing tools 22 and 24 to the respective discs to be dressed is then carried out via motorized rotatable nuts 60 and 62.
    A further embodiment of the inventive centerless cylindrical grinding machine shown by way of example in FIGS. 3 and 4 is denoted by the reference numeral 80 in its entirety.
    The centerless cylindrical grinding machine 80 agrees in various points with the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 10, which is why the same components are designated by the same reference numeral and these will not be described again in more detail below.
    In the present embodiment, a workpiece to be machined 82 is placed on a arranged between the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 workpiece support 84. As can be seen in the illustrations of FIGS. 3 and 4, the grinding wheel spindle 14, the regulating wheel spindle 18 and the guide slides 40 and 40 for the dressing tools 22 and 24 are all arranged together on a common continuous guide 86. This guide 86 is designed as a linear guide. The guide 86 has two guide rails 88 and 88. On this guide 86 and on these guide rails 88 and 88, the regulating wheel spindle 18 and the grinding wheel spindle 14 are arranged according to the previously made embodiment in the x-direction movable, as indicated by the double arrow 42, Similarly, the dressing tools 22 and 24th arranged in the x-direction on this guide 86 and the guide rails 88 and 88 movable, as also described above and is indicated by the double arrow 44. Further, the dressing tools 22 and 24 are each in the transverse direction, i. in the direction of the axis of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 80, movable, as indicated by the double arrow 46 and has already been described above.
    In order to move and control the respective elements of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 80, linear motors 90, 92 and 94 are provided. While the linear motor 90 is used in the longitudinal direction with respect to the machine bed 12 and is thus arranged in the x direction, the linear motors 92 and 94 serve to move the dressing tools 22 and 24 in the transverse direction, i. in the z direction.
    Each of the linear motors 90, 92 and 94 shown essentially has a secondary part on which corresponding primary parts, which are arranged on the machine elements to be moved, can move. For this purpose, these linear motors are controlled accordingly by a control unit not shown here.
    The linear motor 92 for driving the dressing tool 22 in the z-direction has a secondary part 96. This secondary part 96 is arranged on the guide carriage 40. Furthermore, the linear motor 92 has a primary part 98. This primary part 98 is arranged on the guide carriage 38, which in turn carries the first dressing tool 22.
    In the same way, the linear motor 94 for driving the second dressing tool 24 in the z-direction also has a secondary part 100 and a primary part 102.
    The linear motor 90, for controlling the machine elements in the x direction, has a secondary part 104. This secondary part 104 is suitable for all machine elements to be controlled, i. for the regulating wheel spindle 18, the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the dressing tools 22 and 24, provided in common. For this purpose, the secondary part 104 is arranged on the machine bed 12 substantially parallel to the guide 86. In the present example, the secondary part 104 is arranged between the guide rails 88 and 88 of the guide 86.
    For moving the guide carriage 40 and 40 of the dressing tools 22 and 24 and the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18, primary parts are provided on these machine elements. For this purpose, the guide carriage 40 has a primary part 106 and the guide carriage 40 has a primary part 108. The grinding wheel spindle 14 in turn has a primary part 110 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 has a primary part 112. By means of these primary parts 106 to 112, the corresponding machine elements described can now be moved in the x-direction on the machine bed 12. This is also done by the control unit not shown here.
    As already described for the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 10, the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 80 also allows the dressing tools 22 and 24 with their guide slides 40 and 40 to be adapted for use so that they are also fixedly arranged on the machine bed 12 can be. Thus, the dressing tools 22 and 24 would only be movable in the z-direction. As a result, the 6-axis machine shown is converted into a 4-axis machine. For this purpose, it is only necessary that the corresponding drives are put out of action and the guide slides 40 and 40 are optionally fixed on the machine bed.
    A further embodiment of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is denoted by the reference numeral 130 in its entirety.
    Due to the similarity to the previously described centerless cylindrical grinding machines 10 and 80 are here also the same occurring elements provided with the same reference numeral and not described in detail.
    A workpiece 132 to be machined between the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 is arranged on a workpiece support 134. These and all other shown elements of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 are arranged on a machine bed 136.
    As has already been described above in connection with the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 10 of the first embodiment, the regulating wheel spindle 18 and the second dressing tool 24 are arranged movably on the machine bed 136 via a common guide 138. This guide 138, which is preferably designed as a linear guide, has two guide rails 140 and 140. These guide rails 140 and 140 are used according to the previously made embodiment for receiving the regulating wheel spindle 18 and the guide carriage 40 of the dressing tool 24th
    The grinding wheel spindle 14 and the first dressing tool 22 are arranged in the present embodiment via a pivot plate 142 on the machine bed 136. The pivot plate 142 is pivotally mounted about the axis 144 on the machine bed 136. The pivot axis 144 is perpendicular to the machine bed 136 and thus perpendicular to a plane formed by the x and z directions. The pivot axis 144 is arranged in the region of the grinding wheel 16 and runs through it. Around this pivot axis 144, the pivot plate 142 can thus pivot within the plane formed by the x and z directions, as indicated by a double arrow 146 in FIG.
    Because of this pivoting, it is possible that, in particular in Einstechschleifvorgängen a certain angle to the workpiece to be machined 132 can be selected. At the same time the workpiece 132 remains on the workpiece support 134 in its position in a present fixed grinding gap. As a result, this is always in the same place for automatic placement and removal operations.
    The tilt angle depends on the application. So he can e.g. be at work cone corrections up to 5 °, or even in Schrägeeinstechschleifen example. for machining faces of workpieces 15 ° or more.
    The driving of the dressing tools 22 and 24 on the respective guide carriages 40 and 40, i. In the z-direction, in the example of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 by linear motors 148 and 150. For this purpose, the linear motor 150 has a secondary part 152 and a primary part 154, while the linear motor 148 has a secondary part 156 and primary part 158, as in a similar way already has been described above for the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 80.
    The control of the individual elements in the x-direction takes place in the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 by threaded spindles. For this purpose, a threaded spindle 160 is provided on the side of the regulating wheel spindle 18. This extends from a holder 162, starting from a not shown detail of the guide carriage 40 to the control wheel spindle 18. At the regulating wheel spindle 18, this threaded spindle 160 is fixed. On the holder 162, a drive 164 is further provided, which, for example, by a rotating nut, the threaded spindle 160 along the x-axis back and forth can move. As a result, the regulating wheel spindle 18 is then also moved along this x-axis, in the same way a threaded spindle 166 is provided. The threaded spindle 166 also extends from the holder 162, starting from the guide carriage 40 of the second dressing tool 24. There, the threaded spindle 166 is fixed to the guide carriage 40. On the holder 162, a drive 168 is further provided, which is configured according to the previously made statements for the drive 164 for a displacement of the threaded spindle 166 in the direction of the x-axis. Thus, the drive 168 controls the displacement of the second dressing tool 24 in the longitudinal direction, ie x-direction.
    The arrangement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the guide carriage 40 of the first dressing tool 22 takes place in the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 on the pivot plate 142. On this pivot plate 142, a guide 170 is provided accordingly. This guide 170 has guide rails 172 and 172. At the opposite of the workpiece support 134 end of the pivot plate 142, a holder 174 is provided. Above this holder 174, the guide carriage 40 for the first dressing tool 22 is fixed on the pivot plate 142. In other words, the dressing tool 22 is not movable in the x-direction in this embodiment of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 shown.
    The movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 in the x direction takes place here by means of a threaded spindle 176. This threaded spindle 176 extends from the holder 174 through the grinding wheel spindle 14 and is rotatably received there via a fixed spindle nut 178. As a result of this rotatable reception of the threaded spindle 176 by means of the fixed spindle nut 178, a rotation of the threaded spindle 176 about its longitudinal axis leads to a displacement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 in the x direction on the pivot plate 142.
    In order to achieve such a rotation, the threaded spindle 176 is also rotatably received on the holder 174 and can be set in rotation by means of a drive 180, which is not described here in more detail. Accordingly, drive of the drive 180 will result in rotation of the lead screw 176 and, consequently, in a displacement of the wheel spindle 14 in the x-axis direction, i.e., in the direction of rotation. on the workpiece 132 to be machined to or from this.
    A further embodiment of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, which is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 190.
    Due to the similarity to the previously described centerless cylindrical grinding machines 10, 80 and 130 are here also the same occurring elements provided with the same reference numeral and not described in detail.
    Also, as in the previous embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190 on a pivot plate 142 which is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 144 on the machine bed 136. On this pivot plate 142, both the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the dressing tool 22 are arranged.
    The movement of the dressing tools 22 and 24 in the z-direction takes place in the present example by threaded spindles 192 and 194. For this purpose, a spindle nut 196 and 196 respectively fixedly arranged on the guide carriage 38 and 38. As a result of this fixed arrangement, rotation of the threaded spindle 192 or 194 results in a corresponding displacement of the guide carriage 38 or 38 and thus of the dressing tools 22 and 24 along the direction of the respective threaded spindle 192, 194. The rotation of the threaded spindles 192 and 194 becomes each achieved by a motor 198 and 200, respectively. This is indicated schematically in FIG. 7.
    As with the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 shown in Figs. 5 and 6, even in the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190, the dressing tool 22 is fixed by fixing the guide carriage 40 by means of a holder 174 on the pivot plate 142 with respect to the x direction. In the same way, the dressing tool 24 is fixedly mounted on the machine bed 136 by a holder 202. For this purpose, the guide carriage 40 is fixed on the holder 202 on the machine bed 136.
    The movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 in the x direction also takes place here by means of a threaded spindle 176. This threaded spindle 176 cooperates with the fixed spindle nut 178 and the unspecified drive 180. This has already been described in the preceding embodiment of the centreless cylindrical grinding machine 130.
    The movement of the regulating wheel spindle 18 in the x direction takes place here in an analogous manner with the aid of a threaded spindle 204. This threaded spindle 204 extends through the holder 202 and is rotatably received on the regulating wheel spindle 18 by a fixed spindle nut 206. The drive of the threaded spindle 204 takes place here via a likewise not described drive 208. This drive 208 sets the threaded spindle 204 in rotation. This rotation ultimately leads to a movement of the regulating wheel spindle 18 due to the fixed spindle nut 206. The centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190 represents a total of a 4-axis machine.
    A further embodiment of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention which is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 210.
    Due to the similarity to the previously described centerless centreless grinding machines 10, 80, 130 and 190 are here also the same occurring elements provided with the same reference numeral and not described in detail.
    In contrast to the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, which is designed as a 4-axis machine, the centreless cylindrical grinding machine 210 is a so-called 6-axis machine.
    In the case of the 6-axis machine, that is to say the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 210, the dressing tools 22 and 24 are additionally arranged movable in the x direction for this purpose. For this purpose, the guide carriages 40 and 40, respectively, can be moved along the guide 138 or 170 toward the workpiece 132 or moved away from it.
    The control of the dressing tool 22 is done so that a rotating spindle nut 212 is disposed on the guide carriage 40. Furthermore, the rotating spindle nut 212 is arranged on the threaded spindle 176. The arrangement of the rotating spindle nut 212 on the threaded spindle 176 is such that a rotation of the spindle nut 212 leads to a movement along the threaded spindle 176. Thereby, i. as the rotating spindle nut 212 rotates, the guide carriage 40, and consequently the entire dressing tool 22, is then moved along the x direction. The rotation of the rotating spindle nut 212 is effected by a drive 214 which is not described in more detail. This arrangement on the threaded spindle 176 now leads to the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the dressing tool 22 being rotated in the same way in x, when the threaded spindles 176 are rotated by the drive 180 Direction are moved, unless the rotating spindle nut 212 does not rotate. In other words, the distance between the dressing tool 22 and the grinding wheel spindle 14 remains constant. If the distance between the dressing tool 22 and the grinding wheel spindle 14 is to be changed, the rotating spindle nut 212 is set in rotation via the drive 214. As a result, the guide carriage 40 and thus also the dressing tool 22 can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the threaded spindle 176 in the x-direction. This is e.g. then the case when the dressing tool 22 for dressing the grinding wheel 16 to be moved to this.
    Analogously, a rotating spindle nut 216 is arranged on the threaded spindle 204. This rotating spindle nut 216 is simultaneously arranged on the guide carriage 40. A rotation of the rotating spindle nut via an unspecified drive 218. Analogous to the above, the distance between the regulating wheel spindle 18 and dressing tool 24 remains constant, provided that the rotating spindle nut 216 does not rotate. This is the case even if the threaded spindle 204 is rotated by the drive 208 and both the regulating wheel spindle 18 and the dressing tool 24 are moved in the x-direction. If the distance between the dressing tool 24 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 is to be changed, then the rotating spindle nut 216 is set in rotation by the drive 218. As a result, the guide carriage 40 and thus the entire dressing tool 24 moves in the x-direction and thus on the regulating wheel spindle 18 toward or away from it, depending on the direction of rotation of the rotating spindle nut 216.
    Structurally, the threaded spindles 176 and 204 compared to the example of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190 are rotatably received here by a holder 220 on the pivot plate 142 and by a bracket 222 on the machine bed 136.
    A further embodiment of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 226.
    Due to the similarities to the previously described centerless cylindrical grinding machines 10, 80, 130, 190 and 210 are here also the same occurring elements provided with the same reference numeral and not described in detail.
    Similar to the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 190, the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 226 is configured as a 4-axis machine. However, the movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 is effected here by linear motors 228 and 230. To drive the grinding wheel spindle 14, the linear motor 228 has a secondary part 232 and a primary part 234. The primary part 234 is fixedly arranged on the grinding wheel spindle 14. The secondary part 232 is arranged on the pivot plate 142. In this case, the secondary part 232 is aligned so that it runs parallel to the guide 170. In the present embodiment, it lies parallel to this between the guide rail 172 and the guide rail 172. Movement of the primary 234 along the secondary 232 thus results in movement of the wheel spindle 14 along the x direction, i. on the workpiece 132 to or away.
    Analogously, the linear motor 230 has a secondary part 236 and a primary part 238. The secondary part 236 is arranged here on the machine construction 136. In contrast, the primary part 238 is fixed to the regulating wheel spindle 18. The arrangement of the secondary part 236 is also substantially parallel to the guide 138. For this purpose, the secondary part 236 is arranged between the guide rails 140 and 140. A movement of the primary part 238 along the secondary part 236 leads to a corresponding movement of the regulating wheel spindle 18 toward and away from the workpiece 182, ie in the x-direction,
    The dressing tool 22 is fixedly arranged with respect to the x-direction on the pivot plate 142, in which the guide carriage 40 is disposed on the pivot plate 142. Analogously, the dressing tool 24 is arranged above the guide carriage 40 on the machine bed 136. A movement of the dressing tools 22 and 24 in the z-direction is analogous to the embodiments with respect to the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 130 and in connection with FIGS. 5 and 6 via corresponding linear motors 148 and 150.
    A further embodiment of a centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention which is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 240.
    Due to the similarity to the previously described centerless centreless grinding machines 10, 80, 130, 190, 210 and 226 here also the same occurring elements are provided with the same reference numeral and not described in detail.
    The centerless cylindrical grinding machine 240 is substantially similar to parts of the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 226 of FIGS. 11 and 12. In contrast to this centerless cylindrical grinding machine 226, which is designed as a 4-axis machine, the centerless cylindrical grinding machine 240 is a 6-axis machine.
    The drive of the individual machine elements also takes place here by linear motors. With regard to a movement in the z-direction, linear motors 148 and 150 are provided for this purpose analogous to the previously described embodiments.
    The movements in the x direction are effected by linear motors 242 and 244. The linear motor 242 serves to drive the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the dressing tool 22 in the x direction. For this purpose, the linear motor 242 has a secondary part 246. This secondary part 246 is arranged on the pivot plate 142. In this case, the secondary part 246 is aligned parallel to the guide 170. It is arranged between the guide rails 172 and 172.
    Furthermore, the linear motor 242 has two primary parts 248 and 250. Both primary parts 248 and 250 are movably arranged on the secondary part 246. In this case, the primary part 248 is fixedly arranged on the guide carriage 40 of the dressing tool 22. A movement read primary part 248 along the secondary part 276 thus leads to a corresponding movement of the dressing tool 22 in the x direction. The primary part 250 is fixed to the grinding wheel spindle 14. Accordingly, movement of the primary part 250 along the secondary part 246 leads to a movement of the grinding wheel spindle 14 in the x direction.
    The linear motor 244 in turn has a secondary part 252. This secondary part 252 is arranged on the machine bed 136. In this case, this secondary part 252 is aligned parallel to the guide 138. In the present example, it is arranged between the guide rails 140 and 140 for this purpose. Furthermore, the linear motor 244 has two primary parts 254 and 256. These primary parts 254 and 256 are movably arranged on the secondary part 252. The primary part 254 is further fixed to the guide carriage 40 of the dressing tool 24. A movement of the primary part 254 along the secondary part 252 thus leads to a movement of the dressing tool 24 in the x direction. The primary part 256 is in turn fixed to the regulating wheel spindle 18. A movement of the primary part 256 along the secondary part 252 thus leads to a movement of the regulating wheel spindle 18 in the x direction.
    Due to the ability to individually control and move the respective primary parts 248 and 250 or 254 and 256 on their associated secondary part 246 and 252, it is also possible here in an advantageous manner to minimize the design effort to the effect that only In each case, a secondary part for a group of several tools, here a dressing tool, together with the grinding wheel spindle 14 and the regulating wheel spindle 18 is required.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Centerless cylindrical grinding machine with(i) a machine bed (12, 136),(ii) a workpiece support (26, 84, 134) for receiving a workpiece (28, 82, 132) to be machined, and(iii) tools comprisingA grinding wheel spindle (14) with a grinding wheel (16),A regulating wheel spindle (18) with a regulating wheel (20),- A first dressing tool (22) for dressing the grinding wheel (16) andA second dressing tool (24) for dressing the regulating wheel (20),the workpiece support (26, 84, 134) being fixedly arranged on the machine bed (12, 136),the grinding wheel spindle (14) and regulating wheel spindle (18) are arranged on opposite sides of the workpiece support (26, 84, 134) andthe dressing tools (22, 24) are each arranged on the sides of the grinding wheel or regulating wheel spindle (14, 18) which are opposite from the workpiece support (26, 84, 134), and whereinthe grinding wheel spindle (14) and the regulating wheel spindle (18) are movable in a longitudinal direction toward and away from the workpiece support (26, 84, 134), andin each case the first dressing tool (22) and the second dressing tool (24) are movable in a transverse direction, parallel to the workpiece support (26, 84, 134), andall tools that are in the longitudinal direction on the workpiece support (28, 84, 134) on or away from this movable, either via a common, continuous guide (86) on the machine bed (12, 136) are arranged movably or all on one side of the workpiece support (28, 84, 134) located tools on at least one side of the workpiece support (28, 84, 134) via a respective common guide (30, 32, 138, 170) on the machine bed (12, 136) are movably arranged.
    [2]
    2. Centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating wheel spindle (18) and the second dressing tool (24) are arranged on said machine bed (136) via a common guide by means of a pivot plate (142), said pivot plate (142) is aligned parallel to the machine bed (136) and has a pivot axis (144) which is perpendicular to the machine bed (136).
    [3]
    A centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding wheel spindle (14) and the first dressing tool (22) are respectively disposed on said machine bed (136) via a common guide (170) by means of a pivot plate (142) Swivel plate (142) is aligned parallel to the machine bed (136) and has a pivot axis (144) which is perpendicular to the machine bed (136).
    [4]
    4. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the pivot axis at the height of the grinding wheel (16) is arranged.
    [5]
    5. Centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that all longitudinally movable tools on both sides of the workpiece support (26, 84, 134) via a common continuous guide (86) are arranged.
    [6]
    6. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all movable in the longitudinal direction, located on one side of the workpiece support (28, 84, 134) tools on both sides of the workpiece support (26, 84, 134) over each a common guide (30, 32, 138, 170) are arranged.
    [7]
    7. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the dressing tools (22, 24) in the longitudinal direction in each case on the workpiece support (28, 84, 134) are movable to and from this.
    [8]
    8. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the dressing tools (22, 24) are fixed with respect to the longitudinal direction.
    [9]
    9. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that all of a said common guide (30, 32; 86; 138, 170) movably arranged tools are arranged movable via a common drive unit.
    [10]
    10. Centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that all of a said common guide (30, 32; 86; 138, 170) movably arranged tools are arranged to be movable via separate drive units.
    [11]
    11. centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the movement of the grinding wheel spindle (14), the regulating wheel spindle (18) and / or the dressing tools (22, 24) on the guides (30, 32, 86, 138 , 170) via linear motors (90, 92, 94, 148, 150, 228, 230, 242, 244) and / or threaded spindles as drive units.
    [12]
    12. A centreless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the movement of the grinding wheel spindle (14), the regulating wheel spindle (18) and / or the dressing tools (22, 24) on the guides (30, 32, 86, 138, 170) via Linear motors (90, 92, 94, 148, 150, 228, 230, 242, 244) as drive units.
    [13]
    13. A centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 12, characterized in that for the grinding spindle (14) movably arranged on a said guide (30, 32; 86; 138, 170), regulating wheel spindle (15) and / or dressing tools (22, 24) maximally a single secondary part (96, 100, 104, 152, 156, 232, 236, 246, 252) is provided.
    [14]
    14. A centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the movement of the grinding wheel spindle (14), the regulating wheel spindle (18) and / or the dressing tools (22, 24) on the guides (30, 32, 86, 138, 170) via Threaded spindles (48, 52, 54, 160, 166, 176, 192, 194, 204) as drive units.
    [15]
    15 centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 14, characterized in that for the on a said guide (30, 32, 86, 138, 170) movably arranged grinding spindle (14), regulating wheel spindle (18) and / or dressing tools (22, 24) maximum a single threaded spindle (48, 52, 54, 160, 166, 176, 192, 194, 204) is provided.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH705717A2|2013-05-15|
    ITMO20120267A1|2013-05-03|
    CN103192302A|2013-07-10|
    DE102011117819A1|2013-05-02|
    DE102011117819B4|2017-11-02|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102011117819.1A|DE102011117819B4|2011-11-02|2011-11-02|Centerless cylindrical grinding machine|
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